Pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells, comprised of alveolar type I and type II epithelial cells, line more than 99% of the internal surface area of the lung [1]. Type I cells are large squamous cells whose thin cytoplasmic extensions cover >95% of the internal lung surface. They contain aquaporins and exhibit the highest osmotic water permeability of any mammalian cell type. Type II cells, which cover 2-5% of the internal lung surface, produce, secrete, and recycle pulmonary surfactant [2]. The currently accepted hypothesis is that Type II cells maintain pulmonary fluid homeostasis by regulating active Na+ transport in the lungs, whereas Type I cells are "inert" cells that provide only a barrier function. A recent study, however, suggests that Type I cells may also regulate ion and fluid transport [3].
Recommended Medium
It is recommended to use Alveolar Epithelial Cell Medium (AEpiCM, Cat. No. SC3201) for culturing RPAEpiC in vitro.
Product Use
This product is for research use only. It is not approved for use in humans, animals, or in vitro diagnostic procedures.
Storage
Upon receiving, directly and immediately transfer the cells from dry ice to liquid nitrogen and keep the cells in liquid nitrogen until they are needed for experiments.
Shipping
Dry ice
Warranty
Cells are only warranted if ScienCell media and reagents are used and the recommended protocols are followed.
References
[1] Crapo, J. D., Young, S. L., Fram, E. K., Pinkerton, K. E., Barry, B. E., & Crapo, R. O. (1983) Morphometric characteristics of cells in the alveolar region of mammalian lungs. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 128:S42-S46.
[2] Wright, J. R. & Dobbs, L. G. (1991) Regulation of pulmonary surfactant secretion and clearance. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 53:395-414.
[3] Johnson, M. D., Widdicombe, J. H., Allen, L., Barbry, P. and Dobbs, L. G. (2002) Alveolar epithelial type I cells contain transport proteins and transport sodium, supporting an active role for type I cells in regulation of lung liquid homeostasis Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 99(4):1966-1971..